Why might a nurse administer an antiemetic drug before amphotericin B infusion?

Administering an antiemetic drug before an amphotericin B infusion is primarily done to minimize the risks of nausea and vomiting that can be associated with this medication. Amphotericin B, which is an antifungal used to treat severe fungal infections, can lead to significant gastrointestinal side effects. These adverse effects may include nausea and vomiting, particularly during the initial administration of the drug.

By giving an antiemetic beforehand, healthcare providers aim to enhance patient comfort and improve compliance with treatment. Managing these side effects proactively allows for a smoother treatment experience, which is particularly important given that amphotericin B can require multiple doses over an extended period.

The other options do not directly relate to the primary reason for administering an antiemetic in this context. For instance, while headaches can occur, they are not the most common or immediate concern addressed by an antiemetic. Similarly, antiemetics do not enhance the efficacy of amphotericin B or directly reduce the risk of infection; instead, their role is specifically aimed at controlling nausea and vomiting. Thus, the correct rationale focuses on enhancing overall patient tolerability of the antifungal therapy.