Which type of tuberculosis is identified as resistant to more than one anti-tuberculosis drug?

The correct response is identified as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). This form of tuberculosis is characterized by its resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, which are the two most potent first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. MDR-TB arises due to improper treatment regimens, including the inappropriate use of antibiotics, incomplete treatment, or lack of adherence to treatment protocols.

MDR-TB presents significant challenges in treatment, as it limits the effectiveness of conventional therapies and requires the use of second-line drugs, which are often less effective, more toxic, and require longer treatment duration. The accurate recognition of this type of tuberculosis is crucial for public health strategies, as MDR-TB is associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates compared to non-resistant forms of the disease.

Other forms of tuberculosis mentioned, such as extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), are even more resistant than MDR-TB, being resistant to additional drugs. Latent tuberculosis is not an active form of the disease and does not involve resistance, while drug-susceptible tuberculosis responds to standard treatment protocols. Understanding these distinctions is essential for effective management and control of tuberculosis infections.