Which characteristic distinguishes antiviral medications from antibiotics?

Antiviral medications are specifically designed to combat viruses, and they achieve this by reducing the number of viral particles present in the body. This means that antivirals work by inhibiting the replication and spread of viruses, which helps to lessen the severity and duration of viral infections. Unlike antibiotics, which target bacterial infections and can effectively eliminate bacteria, antiviral medications do not aim to kill the virus outright but rather to control its propagation and symptoms.

While the other options present statements that may seem plausible, they do not accurately convey the core distinction. Antivirals do not target bacterial infections, as that would be the role of antibiotics. They are not typically used for fungal infections, as antifungal medications are specifically designed for that purpose. Moreover, it is important to note that no antiviral can cure all viral diseases; many viral infections can be managed effectively, but some remain incurable despite antiviral treatment. Thus, the unique mechanism of action of antivirals—specifically their ability to reduce virus numbers—clearly distinguishes them from antibiotics and other medications.