What is the primary mode of transmission for tuberculosis (TB)?

The primary mode of transmission for tuberculosis (TB) is through the inhalation of airborne droplets. When an individual with active TB coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings, they release tiny droplets that contain the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria into the air. People nearby can inhale these droplets, which can lead to infection. This mode of transmission emphasizes the importance of air quality and ventilation in controlling the spread of TB. Preventive measures such as wearing masks and ensuring proper airflow in spaces where individuals may be in close contact are critical in reducing the risk of transmission.

Surface contact, ingestion of contaminated food, and direct skin contact are not typical transmission modes for TB. While these pathways may be relevant for other infectious diseases, TB predominantly spreads through the respiratory route. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for implementing effective public health strategies and for individuals who may be at risk of exposure.