What is the mechanism of action of oseltamivir?

Oseltamivir works by inhibiting the enzyme neuraminidase, which is essential for the replication of the influenza virus. Neuraminidase is responsible for the cleavage of sialic acid residues on the surface of host cells and on the viral envelope, allowing newly formed virions to be released from infected cells. By inhibiting this enzyme, oseltamivir effectively prevents the release of viral particles, thus limiting the spread of the infection within the respiratory tract and reducing the severity and duration of flu symptoms.

This mechanism is particularly important in managing influenza infections, allowing the immune system more time to respond effectively. The other options do not accurately describe oseltamivir’s action; it does not inhibit viral RNA synthesis, block viral entry into host cells, or inhibit protein synthesis, which are mechanisms associated with other antiviral agents. Understanding how oseltamivir functions emphasizes its role in antiviral therapy and its specific target in the viral life cycle.