What does nephrotoxicity refer to in the context of amphotericin B?

Nephrotoxicity refers specifically to damage to the kidneys. In the context of amphotericin B, a powerful antifungal medication, nephrotoxicity is a well-documented adverse effect. Amphotericin B can cause changes in renal function, which may manifest as electrolyte imbalances, decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), or acute kidney injury. This occurs due to the drug's mechanism of action and its potential to cause constriction of blood vessels that supply the kidneys, thereby leading to diminished renal perfusion and subsequent damage.

Understanding the implications of nephrotoxicity is crucial for healthcare providers when administering amphotericin B, as they need to monitor renal function closely and modify the treatment regimen as necessary to prevent serious complications.