Candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused primarily by which organism?

Candidiasis is predominantly caused by Candida albicans, which is considered the most common species associated with this opportunistic fungal infection. This yeast is part of the normal flora of the human body, typically residing in places like the mouth, gut, and vagina. Under certain conditions, such as immune suppression, antibiotic use, or uncontrolled diabetes, Candida albicans can overgrow and lead to invasive infections. Its ability to switch from a yeast form to a filamentous form enhances its virulence and capacity to adhere to mucosal surfaces, facilitating infection.

While other species, such as Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis, can also cause candidiasis, especially in immunocompromised individuals, they are less frequently the primary cause of the disease. Candida albicans remains the most clinically relevant organism due to its prevalence and pathogenicity in various candidiasis cases. Thus, the correct identification of Candida albicans as the primary cause emphasizes its significant role in opportunistic fungal infections.